From Respected Religion Scholar Expert to Cartoon Character: Reflections in the Wake of the Danish Muhammad Cartoon Crisis and Three Decades as Expert to the Media

  • Tim Jensen University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Leibniz Universität, Hannover, Germany

Abstract

Respected scholar, expert, public opinion maker, oracle, under-cover politician, charlatan, cartoon character – all roles “out there” waiting for scholars sharing knowledge with a wider public. Scholars of religion trying to carve out more room in the public arena for a nonreligious, scientific approach to religion always risk digging their graves as (respected) scholars. What’s worse, they also risk digging the grave for a valuable and respectable, as well as publicly valued and respected academic, scientific study of religion. The scholar popularizing scientifically based knowledge, not least via the mass media (daily newspapers or public television), may “become” political and controversial to such a degree that s/he becomes a problem for the scientific study of religion, the community of scholars of religion, and the university with which s/he is affiliated. The otherwise valuable engagement threatens the reputation of science as being something valuable, “pure” and “neutral,” elevated above the dirty business of politics and power. In spite of the risks, the engaged scholar, it is, however, also argued, actually can help to strengthen the position, inside and outside the academy, of scientifically based knowledge and of the critical, analytical, scientific study of religion.

Author Biography

Tim Jensen, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Leibniz Universität, Hannover, Germany

Tim Jensen is Director of Teaching of the Study of Religions, University of Southern Denmark; Honorarprofessor Leibniz Universität, Hannover; Senior Research Fellow, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg. Since 2005, he has also been General Secretary (currently – President) of the International Association for The History of Religions (IAHR).

References


  • Andreassen, R. (2005). The Mass Media’s Construction of Gender, Race, Sexuality, and Nationality: An Analysis of the Danish News Media’s Communication About Visible Minorities from 1971–2004 [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Toronto: Department of History.

  • Albæk, K., van Audenrode, M., & Browing, M. (2002). Employment Protection and the Consequences for Displaced Workers. In P. J. Kuhn (Ed.), Losing Work, Moving On. International Perspectives on Worker Displacement. W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.

  • Albinus, L. et al. (Eds.). (2001). Værdier i Religionsforskning og Religionsundervisning i Danmark. Århus. Det teologiske Fakultet: Århus Universitet.

  • Behrendtzen, S. (2006, October 9). Khader forsvarer Demokratiske Muslimer. Nyhedsavisen.

  • Brix, H. M., & Hansen, T. (Ed.). (2002). Islam i Vesten – På koranens vej? København: Tiderne Skifter.

  • Brix, H. M., Hansen, T., & Hedegaard, L. (2003). I Krigens Hus – islams kolonisering af Vesten. Højbjerg: Forlaget Hovedland.

  • Chernus, I. (2008). The War in Iraq and the Academic Study of Religion. Journal of the American Academy of Religion, 76(4), 844–873.

  • Director of Public Prosecutions. (2006, March 15). Decision on Possible Criminal Proceedings in the Case of Jyllands-Posten’s Article “The Face of Muhammed” No. RA-2006-41-0151. Retrieved from https://menneskeret.dk/sites/menneskeret.dk/files/2006-12-11_5853.06_ben_el_mahi_and_others_v._denmark_0.pdf

  • Dørge, H. (2006, December 1). For Egen Regning. Weekendavisen.

  • Editorial: Den Politiserede Forskning. [Editorial]. (2007a, January 1). Information. Retrieved from https://www.information.dk/2007/07/politiserede-forskning

  • Editorial: I Løgnens Tjeneste [In the Service of Life]. [Editorial]. (2007b, March 18). Jyllands-Posten.

  • Ellemann-Jensen, U. (2007, March 3). Ytringsfrihed og ømme tæer. Berlingske Tidende.

  • Forskerforum 200. December 2006: Forskere politiserer...; Jyllands-Posten: “En Prøvesag”;

  • Khader: Dokumentation, tak’; “Hallal-hippier’contra‚ racister” (pp. 1; 3; 4–5).

  • Forskerforum 201. February 2007: Forsker eller privatperson (p. 9).

  • Forskerforum 204. May 2007: Kontamineret – udsat for stråling; Personhetz slider (pp. 20–21).

  • Hedetoft, U. (2006, March 3). Denmark’s Cartoon blowback. Open Democracy.

  • Hervik, P. (Ed.). 1999. Den generende forskellighed: Danske svar på den stigende multikulturalisme. København: Hans Reitzels Forlag.

  • Hervik, P. (2002). Mediernes muslimer: En antropologisk undersøgelse af mediernes dækning af religioner i Danmark. København: Nævnet for Etnisk Ligestilling.

  • Hervik, P. (2006, February). The Misrecognition of Muslims in Danish Television News [Version prepared for Internet].

  • Høy-Jensen, C. (2006, January 29). Jyllands-Posten var advaret om muslimsk vrede. Politiken.

  • Hundevadt, K. (2006a, September 3). Experts: Oracles. Jyllands-Posten.

  • Hundevadt, K. (2006b, December 17). Redaktørens nye fejde. Jyllands-Posten.

  • Hundevadt, K. (2007, February 4). Værdikampens nye slagmark. Jyllands-Posten.

  • Hussain, M. (2000). Islam, Media and Minorities in Denmark. Current Sociology, 48(4), 95–116. DOI: 10.1177/0011392100048004008

  • Jensen, T. (1998). The Scholar of Religion as a Cultural Critic: Perspectives from Denmark. CSSR Bulletin, 27(2), 40–43.

  • Jensen, T. (2001). Fra værdifuld religionsforskning til vurdering af religioner?. In L. Albinus et al. (Eds.), Værdier i religionsforskning og religionsundervisning i Danmark (pp. 40–57). Århus. Det teologiske Fakultet: Århus Universitet.

  • Jensen, T. (2006a). The Muhammad Cartoon Crisis: The Tip of an Iceberg. Japanese Religions, 31(2), 173–185.

  • Jensen, T. (2006b). From a Prophetic Warner to a Villain. Japanese Religions, 31(2), 163–171.

  • Jensen, T. (2006c). The Cartoon Crisis Revisited: A Danish Perspective. ARI, 65. Retrieved from https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/42965775.pdf

  • Jensen, T. (2008). In the Wake of the Cartoon Crisis: Freedom of Expression of Academics in Denmark. In W. B. Drees, & P. Sjoerd van Koningsveld (Eds.), The Study of Religion and the Training of Muslim Clergy in Europe, Academic and Religious Freedom in the 21st Century (pp. 243–274). Leiden: Leiden University Press.

  • Jensen, T. (2011). Ekspert, orakel, meningsdanner, “undercover”-politiker og løgner: religionshistorikerens mulige roller i medierne og den offentlige debat. In T. Hammersholt, & C. Schaffalitzky de Muckadell (Eds.), At kortlægge religion: Grundlagsdiskussioner i religionsforskningen (pp. 175–203). Højbjerg: Forlaget Univers.

  • Jensen, T. (2017). RS-Based RE – Uphill, Uphill, and Uphill! In S. Führding (Ed.), Method and Theory in the Study of Religion: Working Papers from Hannover (pp. 199–231). Leiden: Brill.

  • Jerichow, A., & Rode, M. (2006). Profet-affæren. Et PEN-dossier om 12 Muhammed-tegninger – og hvad siden hændte: Dokumenter & argumenter. København: Dansk PEN.

  • Khader har fået nok. (2006). Fokus, 45.

  • Kjøller, K. (2007). Manipulation. Borgen.

  • Korsgaard, L. (2006, October 14). Fra Hån til hysteri [From Scorn to Hysteria?]. Politiken.

  • Krasnik, B. (2019, August 27). Interview For abonnenter Manden bag Muhammedtegningerne: Jeg var nok naiv. Kristeligt Dagblad. Retrieved from https://www.kristeligt-dagblad.dk/danmark/manden-bag-muhammed-tegningerne-jeg-var-nok-naiv

  • Kærgård, N. et al. (2007). Forsknings- og ytringsfriheden på universiteterne. København: The Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters.

  • Larsen, E. R., & Seidenfaden, T. (2006). Karikaturkrisen: En undersøgelse af baggrund og ansvar. København: Gyldendal.

  • Lincoln, B. (2005). Responsa Miniscula. Method & Theory in the Study of Religion, 17(1), 59–67. DOI: 10.1163/1570068053429884

  • Magisterbladet. (2007, February). No. 5.

  • Magisterbladet. (2007, April). No. 7. Tema: Ytringsfrihed.

  • McCutcheon, R. T. (2005). Affinities, Benefits, and Costs: The ABCs of Good Scholars Gone Public. Method & Theory in the Study of Religion, 17(1), 27–43. DOI: 10.1163/1570068053429857

  • Modood, T. et al. (2006). The Danish Cartoon Affair: Free Speech, Racism, Islamism and Integration. International Migration, 44(5), 3–62. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2435.2006.00386.x

  • Murphy, T. (2001). Nietzsche, Metaphor, Religion. SUNY Press.

  • Oddershede, J. (2007). Jeg er Ikke Overdommer. NY Viden, 4, 2.

  • NY Viden. (2007, May). Tema: Ytringsfrihed. No. 5, 12–25.

  • Pittelkow, R. (2002). Efter 11. September: Vesten og Islam. København: Lindhardt og Ringhof.

  • Repp, M. (2006). The Caricature of Caricatures – Communicational Strategies in the Danish Cartoon Conflict. Japanese Religions, 31(2), 129–162.

  • Roed, F. (2006, October 7). Khaders Forening Flopper. Nyhedsavisen.

  • Rose, F. (2006, February 19). Why I Published Those Cartoons? Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/2006/02/19/why-i-published-those-cartoons/f9a67368-4641-4fa7-b71f-843ea44814ef/

  • Rothstein, K., & Rothstein, M. (2006). Bomben i turbanen. København: Tiderne Skifter.

  • Seidenfaden, T. (2007, February 12). Jyllands-Postens Monomani. Jyllands-Posten, p. 8.

  • Skadegaard, T. S. (2006). Muhammedkrisen – Symptom på en syg stat. In H. Nielsen et al. (Eds.), Verden i forandring IX – Our changing World. Temartikler om Muhammedkrisen, ytringsfrihed og andre menneskerettigheder. Articles on the Mohammed Crisis, Freedom of Expression and other Human Rights (рр. 78–105). Odense: Syddansk Universitetsforlag.

  • Strenski, I. (2006). Thinking about Religion: An Historical Introduction to Theories of Religion. Blackwell Publishing.

  • Wiebe, D. (2005). The Politics of Wishful Thinking? Disentangling the Role of the Scholar-Scientist from that of the Public Intellectual in the Modern Academic Study of Religion. Temenos, 41(1), 7–38. DOI: 10.33356/temenos.4800

  • Young, K. E. (2006, December 7). Forsker Tager Klage Roligt. Politiken.

Published
2020-01-06
How to Cite
Jensen, T. (2019). From Respected Religion Scholar Expert to Cartoon Character: Reflections in the Wake of the Danish Muhammad Cartoon Crisis and Three Decades as Expert to the Media. Changing Societies & Personalities, 3(4), 333–352. doi:10.15826/csp.2019.3.4.081
Section
Articles