Religious Education in Russia: Between Methodological Neutrality and Theological Partiality

  • Elena A. Stepanova Institute for Philosophy and Law, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia. Ural Institute of Humanities, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2559-3573

Abstract

Religious education in Russia remains the subject of sharp public debates. The paper briefly observes the history of religious education in the country. Prior to the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917, religious instruction was an essential part of the primary school curriculum; the imperial system of religious instruction ended up with the Bolshevik revolution, and the subsequent Soviet decree of January 1918 that separated church from state and school from church. In Soviet times, religion had no place in the moral education of children. The fall of the Soviet Union, including its socialist ideals and educational prerogatives, led to uncertainty and confusion in the educational sector. Today, however, religious education is becoming increasingly important. By introducing Foundations of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics in public schools and Theology in higher education institutions, the Russian Federation has asserted the state’s vested interest in ensuring the moral and spiritual development of its citizens.

Author Biography

Elena A. Stepanova, Institute for Philosophy and Law, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia. Ural Institute of Humanities, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia

Elena A. Stepanova is Doctor of Philosophy and Principal Research Fellow at the Institute for Philosophy and Law, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Yekaterinburg, Russia). She was a visiting fellow at Emory University (Atlanta, USA) and Iliff School of Theology (Denver, USA). In 2010-14 she served as the academic director of the Open Society Institute-funded seminar “Religion: Maximalism and Minimalism”. Her main research interests are tolerance, inter-confessional relations, secularism and post-secularism, theological anthropology, religion in public space, Christianity in contemporary societies.

References


  • Blinkova, A., & Vermeer, P. (2016). Religious Education in Russia: A Comparative and Critical Analysis. British Journal of Religious Education, 40(2), 194–206. DOI: 10.1080/01416200.2016.1190687

  • Clay, E. (2015). Multiculturalism and Religious Education in the Russian Federation: The Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics. State, Religion and Church, 2(1), 44–74.

  • Daniljuk, A., Kondakov, A., & Tishkov V. (Eds.). (2009). Koncepcija dukhovnonravstvennogo razvitija i vospitanija lichnosti grazdanina Rossii [The Concept of Spiritual-Moral Upbringing and Education of Russian Citizen’s Personality]. Moscow: Prosveschenie.

  • Ładykowska, A. (2012). The Role of Religious Higher Education in the Training of Teachers of Russian “Orthodox Culture”. European Journal of Education, 47(1), 92–103.

  • Ładykowska, A. (2016). Orthodox Atheists: Religion, Morality, and Education in Postsocialist Russia. (PhD thesis). Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg.

  • Karpov, K., & Malevich, T. (2015). Philosophy of Religion and Religious Studies in Modern-Day Russia. Studies in East European Thought, 66(3–4), 227–244. DOI: 10.1007/s11212-014-9211-4

  • Köllner, T. (2016). Patriotism, Orthodox Religion and Education: Empirical Findings from Contemporary Russia. Religion, State and Society, 44(4), 366–386. DOI: 10.1080/09637494.2016.1246852

  • POOP. (2015). Primernaya osnovnaya obrazovatelnaya programma nachalnogo obshhego obrazovaniya [Suggested Basic Curriculum of Primary General Education]. Moscow: Ministry of Education and Science.

  • ORKSE. (2016–17). Retrieved from http://orkce.apkpro.ru/doc/Vybor%20modulia%20ORKSE%20v%202017-2018%20gg.pdf

  • Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe. (2017, May 10). Religion and Public Life. Retrieved from http://www.pewforum.org/2017/05/10/religious-belief-and-national-belonging-in-central-and-eastern-europe/

  • Rozanskij, V. (2017, June 15). Theology Returns to Russian Universities. AsiaNews.it. Retrieved from http://www.asianews.it/news-en/Theology-returns-to-Russian-universities-41022.html

  • Zwahlen, R. (2015). The Lack of Moral Autonomy in the Russian Concept of Personality: A Case of Continuity across the Pre-Revolutionary, Soviet and Post-Soviet Periods? State, Religion and Church, 2(1), 19–43.

Published
2018-09-30
How to Cite
Stepanova, E. (2018). Religious Education in Russia: Between Methodological Neutrality and Theological Partiality. Changing Societies & Personalities, 2(3), 260-266. doi:10.15826/csp.2018.2.3.042